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<pre>Sedimentation equilibrium has been employed to study the properties
of proteins at high concentrations for many years. The following
publications are just for starters:
R.C. Williams Jr. (1973) PNAS 70: 1506-1508. A very short
path-length cell was used to measure SE of hemoglobins A and S at
concentrations up to over 250 g/L.
P.D. Ross et al. (1978) Biopolymers 17: 2285-8. Another type of
short path-length cell was used to measure SE of oxygenated and
deoxygenated hemoglobins A and S at different temperatures at
concentrations up to over 250 g/L.
A.P. Minton & M. Lewis (1981) Biophys. Chem. 14 317-324. A
super-short path-length cell (ca .1 mm!) was used to measure SE of
hemoglobin and myoglobin at concentrations up to over 350 g/L.
For interpretation of sedimentation equilibrium in highly nonideal
protein solutions (WAY beyond second virial coefficient), see Zorrilla et
al (2004). Sedimentation equilibrium in a solution containing an
arbitrary number of solute species at arbitrary concentrations: theory
and application to concentrated solutions of ribonuclease. Biophys. Chem.
108 89-100.
Allen Minton
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